NDLI: Mercury in Lake Vänern, Sweden Distribution In Surface Sediment And Catchment Budget

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wihlborg, P. Danielsson, Å. Klingberg, F.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Lake Vänern is Sweden's largest lake and freshwater reservoir. Large quantities of mercury were released into the lake during a large part of the 20th century, resulting in serious contamination. The main load originated from one single point source — a chlor-alkali industry. Its releases were drastically reduced in the early 1970's, but nearby sediments displayed alarmingly high concentrations. During summer 2001, fifty-one sediment cores were taken, and analysed for total mercury. It was found that mercury concentrations in surface sediments have decreased significantly between 1974 and 2001, but the influence of the former single point source was still reflected in the concentration patterns. Thirty years ago, sediments around the dominant point source displayed the highest concentrations. Today, the highest concentrations in surface sediments were still found close to it, but also in deep waters in the central part of the lake. Surprisingly, the gradient from the point source is stronger today compared to 1974. A mercury budget, based on the annual sediment accumulation rate, the bulk density, atmospheric load and outflow of mercury, was formed. The surface sediments (0—1 cm, on average corresponding to ∼5 yr according to $^{137}$Cs dating) in accumulation bottoms (water depth >40m) contained approximately 530 kg Hg (corresponding value for year 1974 was 4100 kg Hg). A majority of the present additions of mercury to the lake originates from atmospheric deposition. It was also found that the lake acts as a sink for mercury. In fact, approximately 90—95% of the incoming mercury was retained within the catchment or in the sediments.
Starting Page	85
Ending Page	99
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	154
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hydrogeology Environment Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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