NDLI: Long-Term Trends in Cloud and Rain Chemistry on Mount Washington, New Hampshire

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Murray, Georgia L. D. Kimball, Kenneth D. Hill, L. Bruce Hislop, Jane E. Weathers, Kathleen C.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Growing season rain and cloud events were sampled between 1984–2010 at Lakes of the Clouds (LOC) (1,540 m above sea level (ASL)) which is 1.6 km SW of the summit of Mount Washington, NH (1,914 m ASL). Mount Washington's summit is in the clouds ca. 51 % of the time. All samples were measured for pH, while cations and anions were measured consistently from 1996 to 2010. Annual mean cloud and rain water hydrogen ion concentrations declined significantly from 1984–2010. Nighttime cloud and rain hydrogen, sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate ion concentrations were significantly greater compared to daytime. Ion mean concentrations declined over the 1996–2010 timeframe and more rapidly since 2005. Co-located filter-based aerosol measurement (PM$_{2.5}$) at LOC had higher ratios of ammonium to sulfate in summer daytime samples post (1995–2010) full implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. This suggests a shift towards more neutralized sulfate aerosol dissolution into clouds with relatively more ammonium and declines in acidity. The origin of cloud water sampled, which ranges from regional fronts to orographic lower elevation air mass uplift, along with the diurnally shifting nocturnal boundary layer that often puts the LOC site in and out of the mixed layer, likely contributes to the diurnal and inter-annual variability observed.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	224
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-08-10
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Acidity Clean Air Act Amendments Cloud and rain water chemistry Montane Mount Washington NH Nocturnal boundary layer Nitrogen Sulfur Environment Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Hydrogeology Climate Change
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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