NDLI: Trace Element and Pesticide Dynamics During a Flood Event in the Save Agricultural Watershed: Soil-River Transfer Pathways and Controlling Factors

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	El Azzi, D. Probst, J. L. Teisserenc, R. Merlina, G. Baqué, D. Julien, F. Payre Suc, V. Guiresse, M.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Agricultural practices are the main source of water contamination in rural areas. Rainfall events, and subsequently, soil leaching and storm runoff are mainly controlling the transfer of pollutants from diffuse sources in watersheds during floods. These periods are also very important to better understand their dynamics, particularly their different soil-river transfer pathways (surface runoff SR, subsurface runoff SSR, and groundwater flow GF). This study focuses on riverine transfers of both pesticides and trace elements. High-resolution monitoring of water discharge and water sampling were performed during a flood event that occured in May 2010 in an agricultural catchment of SW France. Chemical composition of major and trace elements, silica, alkalinity, pH and conductivity, DOC and POC, TSM, and commonly used pesticides were analyzed with a high sampling frequency. The different stream flow components (SR, SSR, and GF) were assessed using two independent hydrograph separation methods: a hydrological approach based on Maillet’s formula (1905) for the recession period and a chemical approach based on physico-chemical tracers, TSM for SR and PO$_{4}$ $^{3−}$ for GF. Both methods exhibited important contributions of SR (33 %) and SSR (40 %) to the total riverine pollutant transfers. The contribution of different components was also visible using concentration-discharge relationships which exhibited hysteresis phenomenon between the rising and the falling limbs of the hydrograph. Higher concentrations during the rising period (clockwise hysteresis) were characteristic of pollutants mainly exported by SR (trifluralin, Cd). Anticlockwise hysteresis with higher concentration during the recession period showed pollutants mainly exported by SSR (metolachlor, Cu). Moreover, significant relationships were highlighted between the controlling factors (DOC, POC, and TSM) and SR, SSR, and GF contributions: DOC and the complexed pollutants were highly correlated to SSR while POC, TSM, and the adsorbed pollutants were linked to SR. During the flood, K $_{d}$ of most pollutants increased, particularly at the beginning, and therefore, future studies should investigate their availability to living organisms and thus their toxicity. An additional characteristic equation between K $_{d}$ and K $_{ow}$ of the different pesticides was proposed to help future management, modelling, and estimation of pollutant transfers during floods.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	19
Page Count	19
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	227
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-11-11
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Pesticides Trace elements Flood event Agricultural catchment Hydrograph separation Partition coefficient Environment Water Quality/Water Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Hydrogeology Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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