NDLI: Synergy Between Diazinon and Nonylphenol in Toxicity During the Early Development of the Rhinella arenarum Toad

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Aronzon, Carolina Mariel Svartz, Gabriela Verónica Coll, Cristina Silvia Pérez
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Diazinon is an extensively applied organophosphate pesticide, and nonylphenol is one of the major degradation products of nonylphenol polyethoxylates which are commonly used as surfactant in pesticide formulations. Both pollutants are widely distributed and often coexist in agroecosystems, where they might cause toxic effects to wild biota. This study assessed single and joint toxicity of binary mixtures of these organic compounds on the early development of Rhinella arenarum by means of a standardized test. Joint toxicity of diazinon/nonylphenol mixtures were assessed in embryos and larvae exposed to three different proportions at different exposure times. Embryo and larval toxicity was time-dependent, and larvae were significantly more sensitive than embryos to both compounds. For both embryos and larvae, nonylphenol was between 11 and 18 times more toxic than diazinon. Joint toxicity of the chemicals showed a tendency to be significantly higher than the predicted by additivity effects highlighting the threat that diazinon/nonylphenol mixtures represent for Rhinella arenarum populations.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	227
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-04-13
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Amphibians Diazinon Joint toxicity Nonylphenol Synergism Environment Water Quality/Water Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Hydrogeology Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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