NDLI: Hydrogen Sulfide and Odor Control in İzmir Bay

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Müezziğlu, A. Sponza, D. K Ken, I. Alparslan, N. Akyarli, A. Zt Re, N.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	The city of İzmir on the Aegean Sea shoreline is suffering from rotten odors emitted by anoxic river mouths. Anaerobic conditions in the shallowest portion of İzmir Bay due to industrial and domestic wastewaters as well as eutrophication products in this very calm part of the Bay are responsible for this. The inner section of the Bay is becoming shallower with sediments rich in organic matter. Aerobic digestion of organic pollutants is limited by the oxygen input and the warm climate leads to an optimal medium for anaerobic processes when anoxic conditions take over. Anaerobic digestion products are odorous gases among which H$_{2}$S with a characteristic pungent odor is most effective in this case. Sulfur containing gases are formed from sulfides and sulfates in the sediment-water interface and are released into the air. Airborne H$_{2}$S concentrations are variable as they depend on factors such as high atmospheric diffusion coefficients under changing wind direction and speed, as well as variable such as water depths, organic loadings from rivers, air and water temperatures, sulfate concentrations in sediment and water phases, pH, and Eh.This study aimed to control noxious smells by inhibiting the anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria at the sediment surface. To achieve this aim, pH of the sediment-water interface was increased by spreading hydrated lime. Successful lime doses were investigated in laboratory models first and were then tested and applied in the estuary and downstream segment of one of the creeks. Rates of H$_{2}$S gas emissions and aqueous H$_{2}$S levels were measured. It was noted that waterborne H$_{2}$S levels at river mouths were reduced. Odor control efficiencies of 80–96% even after 10 days of lime addition in the field experiments were obtained. Therefore, the results of this study indicated that lime application to the sediment surface is a recommended method in odor control programs.
Starting Page	245
Ending Page	257
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	123
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2000-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hydrogeology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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