NDLI: Water Network Protection from Intentional Contamination by Sectorization

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Nardo, Armando Natale, Michele Guida, Mario Musmarra, Di
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Each single phase of a water supply network, from water adduction to distribution to end-users, is exposed to many diverse potential sources of intentional contamination (or malicious attacks). One of the most dangerous threats is a backflow attack that occurs when a pump system, easily available on the market, is utilized to overcome the pressure gradient of network pipes. In this work, a simple backflow attack with cyanide being introduced into a real-water system is modeled and the most dangerous introduction points for a contaminant incident are defined. Moreover, the network vulnerability has been analyzed by computing the lethal dose of cyanide ingested by users and the total length of the contaminated water system. Eventually the effects of network partitioning and district isolation to protect water supply systems have been investigated. The results show how district closing - by network sectorization techniques used to improve leakage search and reduction - can significantly decrease contaminant diffusion and protect part of the users from cyanide uptake. Network sectorization can also reduce the risk of simple malicious attacks because several introduction points are necessary to have a massive negative impact on the network. Simulation results also show that in some cases water network partitioning may worsen water network protection and further studies are necessary to design water districts for network security and safety.
Starting Page	1837
Ending Page	1850
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09204741
Journal	Water Resources Management
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15731650
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-09-15
Publisher Institution	European Water Resources Association (EWRA)
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Water network protection District metering Water contamination Malicious attack Sectorization Hydrogeology Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Atmospheric Sciences Civil Engineering Environment
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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