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  1. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations
  2. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21
  3. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21, Issue 3, September 2010
  4. The Rise of International Nongovernmental Organizations: A Top-Down or Bottom-Up Explanation?
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Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 28
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 27
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 26
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 25
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 24
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 23
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 22
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21, Issue 4, December 2010
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21, Issue 3, September 2010
Antipolitics and Counterpolitics in Nepal’s Civil Society: The Case of Nepal’s Citizens’ Movement
Convergence: Finding Collective Voice in Global Civil Society$^{©}$
Stuck in the Middle: Maintaining the Organizational Legitimacy of the Regional Environmental Center
Confronting or Complementing? A Case Study on NGO–State Relations from Kerala, India
Trends in Development Aid, Negotiation Processes and NGO Policy Change
The Rise of International Nongovernmental Organizations: A Top-Down or Bottom-Up Explanation?
Civil Society Capacity Building for Democratic Reform: Experience and Lessons from Indonesia
On the Social and Financial Effects of the Transformation of Microfinance NGOs
David Horton Smith, Robert A. Stebbins and Michael A. Dover (eds): A Dictionary of Nonprofit Terms and Concepts : Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 2006, 337
M. A. Martinez: The Myth of the Free Market: The Role of the State in a Capitalist Economy : Kumarian Press, Sterling, VA, 2009, 336
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21, Issue 2, June 2010
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 21, Issue 1, March 2010
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 20
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 19
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 18
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 17
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 16
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 15
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 14
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 13
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 12
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 11
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 10
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 9
Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations : Volume 8

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The Rise of International Nongovernmental Organizations: A Top-Down or Bottom-Up Explanation?

Content Provider Springer Nature Link
Author Lee, Taedong
Copyright Year 2010
Abstract This study examines the conditions that facilitate the growth of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) in 126 countries, from 1982 to 2000. To explain the uneven growth of INGOs around the world, I test two competing theoretical approaches. The “top-down” perspective of growth focuses on the degree of a country’s integration into the world polity and international economy. The “bottom-up” perspective emphasizes the development of democracy and the prosperity of the domestic economy as significant factors in facilitating INGO growth within a given country. An econometric analysis of panel data with ordinary least squares (OLS) suggests that both economic and political factors at the global and national level explain the rise of INGOs, rather than viewing either in an isolated fashion.Cette étude examine les conditions qui facilitent le développement des organisations internationales non gouvernementales (OING) dans 126 pays, de 1982 à 2000. Afin d’expliquer la croissance inégale des OING à travers le monde, j’utilise à titre expérimental deux approches théoriques concurrentes. L’approche dite « descendante » de la croissance met l’accent sur le degré d’intégration du pays dans le système institutionnel mondial et l’économie internationale. L’approche dite « ascendante » souligne le développement de la démocratie et la prospérité de l’économie nationale en tant que facteurs essentiels facilitant l’essor des OING dans un pays donné. Il ressort de l’analyse économétrique des données de panel réalisée avec la méthode des moindres carrés (MMC) que des facteurs à la fois économiques et politiques aux niveaux national et mondial, plutôt que de les étudier séparément, viennent expliquer le développement des OING.Diese Studie untersucht die Bedingungen, die das Wachstum internationaler nicht-staatlicher Organisationen in 126 Ländern im Zeitraum von 1982 bis 2000 ermöglichten. Zur Erklärung des weltweit ungleichen Wachstums der internationalen nicht-staatlichen Organisationen werden zwei konkurrierende Theorieansätze getestet. Die „Top-down”-Wachstumsperspektive konzentriert sich auf das Ausmaß der Integration eines Landes in der Weltgesellschaft und der internationalen Wirtschaft. Die „Bottom-up”-Perspektive betont die Entwicklung der Demokratie und den Wohlstand der inländischen Wirtschaft als bedeutende Faktoren zur Förderung des Wachstums internationaler nicht-staatlicher Organisationen in einem Land. Eine ökonometrische Analyse von Paneldaten mittels der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate (ordinary least squares, OLS) deutet darauf hin, dass sowohl die wirtschaftlichen als auch politischen Faktoren auf globaler und nationaler Ebene den Anstieg internationaler nicht-staatlicher Organisationen erklären und nicht getrennt voneinander betrachtet werden sollten.El presente estudio analiza las condiciones que han facilitado la proliferación de organizaciones internacionales no gubernamentales (OING) en 126 países, desde 1982 a 2000. Para explicar el desigual crecimiento de las OING en todo el mundo, pongo a prueba dos enfoques teóricos contradictorios: la perspectiva descendente del crecimiento, que se centra en el grado de integración de un país en la política mundial y en la economía internacional; y la perspectiva ascendente, que enfatiza el desarrollo de la democracia y la prosperidad de la economía doméstica como factores importantes a la hora de facilitar la aparición de OING dentro de un país determinado. Un análisis econométrico de datos de panel con mínimos cuadrados ordinarios sugiere que los factores económicos y políticos, tanto internacionales como nacionales, permiten explicar mejor la proliferación de OING que si las consideramos de forma aislada.本研究探讨了从 1982 到 2000 年间在 126 个国家中促进国际非政府组织(英语缩写 INGO)增长的条件。为了解释全球 INGO 不均匀增长的情况,我检验了两个相互竞争的理论方法 。 “自上而下”增长观点的重点在于一个国家融入世界政体和国际经济的程度。 “自下而上”的观点则强调在一个给定国家中,民主发展和国内经济繁荣是促进 INGO 增长的重要因素。用普通最小二乘法(英语缩写 OLS)对专家小组数据进行的经济计量分析表明,在全球和国家一级,只有经济和政治因素两者同时计入方能解释 INGO 的兴起,并不能以孤立的方式仅看待任何一个。本研究では、1982年から2000年間に、126ケ国の国際的な非政府団体(INGO)の成長向上における状況について研究する。2つの矛盾する理論上のアプローチを用いて、世界中のINGOの起伏のある成長を説明する。成長の「トップダウン」における見解では、世界政治と国際経済への統合の程度に焦点を合わせる。「ボトムアップ」における見解では、特定の国の中でINGOの成長を可能にする重要な要素として、民主主義の発展と国内経済の繁栄を強調する。 最小二乗法(OLS)を用いたパネルデータのエコノメトリック分析では、グローバルな国家レベルでの経済的・政治的要因の両方の要素において、それぞれ個別にみるとINGOの成長を見ることができる。تبحث هذه الدراسة في الظروف التي تيسر نمو المنظمات الغير حكومية الدولية(INGOs) في 126 بلد، من 1982 حتي 2000. لشرح النمو الغير متكافئ للمنظمات الدولية الغير حكومية(INGOs) في جميع أنحاء العالم ، وأنا أقوم بإختبار اثنين من نهج النظريات المتنافسة. “من أعلى إلى أسفل” منظور النمو يركز على درجة من التكامل في أي بلد في كيان العالم السياسي والاقتصاد الدولي. “من أسفل إلى أعلى” منظور يؤكد على تنمية الديمقراطية والإزدهار للإقتصاد المحلي كعوامل هامة في تسهيل نمو المنظمات الدولية الغير لحكومية(INGO) داخل بلد معين. تحليل اقتصادي قياسي للوحة البيانات مع المربعات الصغرى العادية (OLS) يقترح أن كلاً من العوامل الاقتصادية والسياسية على المستويين العالمي والوطني يفسر صعود المنظمات الغير حكومية الدولية(INGOs)، بدلا من النظر بطريقة منعزلة.مصطلحات:
Starting Page 393
Ending Page 416
Page Count 24
File Format PDF
ISSN 09578765
Journal Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations
Volume Number 21
Issue Number 3
e-ISSN 15737888
Language English
Publisher Springer US
Publisher Date 2010-04-22
Publisher Place Boston
Access Restriction One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword International nongovernmental organizations Political globalization Democracy Communication technology Global civil society Social Policy Political Science Social Sciences
Content Type Text
Resource Type Article
Subject Public Administration Sociology and Political Science Geography, Planning and Development Business and International Management Strategy and Management
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