NDLI: Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the California 99 (Cal99) variant of infectious bronchitis virus

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mondal, Shankar P. Cardona, Carol J.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The California 99 (Cal99) variant of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was first recovered in 1999 from vaccinated broiler chicken flocks in Central California. The S1 hypervariable region of Cal99 genome was most closely related to Arkansas (Ark) serotype viruses. In this study, the complete genome of Cal99 was sequenced, and the structural protein genes were compared with those of commonly used IBV vaccines as well as those of isolates from naturally occurring outbreaks in different parts of the world, to elucidate potential sources of genetic material. Based on sequence comparison, the prototype Cal99 virus is similar to the apathogenic ArkDPI virus, except in the S1 gene and stretches of sequence in the S2 and M structural protein genes, which are more related to Connecticut (Conn) and Massachusetts (Mass) strain viruses, respectively. We speculate that these two fragments came from a Conn and a Mass virus, respectively, and were incorporated into a virus largely derived from ArkDPI. Since Ark, Conn and Mass strains have been simultaneously used as live vaccines in California, both point mutations and recombination among vaccine strains may have contributed to the emergence of the Cal99 variant virus. Analysis of the structural protein genes of six Cal99 isolates demonstrated that viruses of this serotype may differ substantially in the non-S1 structural genes. Finally, we performed a challenge study with Cal99 and demonstrated that the virus causes late-onset respiratory disease, with a severity comparable to that of the M41 IBV challenge strain.
Starting Page	327
Ending Page	341
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09208569
Journal	Virus Genes
Volume Number	34
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1572994X
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-08-22
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cal99 variant Crossover sites Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Point mutation Recombination Structural protein genes Plant Sciences Virology Medical Microbiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Genetics Medicine Molecular Biology

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