NDLI: Invasive species grows faster, competes better, and shows greater evolution toward increased seed size and growth than exotic non-invasive congeners

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Graebner, Ryan C. Callaway, Ragan M. Montesis, Daniel
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Comparisons of introduced exotics that invade and those that do not can yield important insights into the ecology of invasions. Centaurea solstitialis, C. calcitrapa, and C. sulphurea are closely related, share a similar life history and were each introduced to western North America from Southern Europe ~100–200 years ago. However, of these three species, only C. solstitialis has become invasive. We collected seeds from different populations for each of the three species both in the native range of Spain and the non-native range of California, measured individual seed mass, and grew plants from these seeds in a greenhouse experiment in Montana. The invasive C. solstitialis had the smallest seeds and seedlings of the three congeners. However, in contrast to its non-invasive congeners, C. solstitialis had the highest relative growth rates when grown in competition. C. solstitialis was also the only species to show significant differences in traits between populations from different ranges, with plants from the non-native range of California demonstrating greater competitive resistance, larger seed size, and larger seedling mass than plants from the native range in Spain. This suggests that C. solstitialis may be evolving toward larger seed and seedling sizes in this non-native range. Relative growth rate showed no inter-regional variation for any species, but was higher for C. solstitialis than its congeners when in competition, and thus may interact with the evolution of larger seeds and plant mass in ways that contribute to the extraordinary invasive success of this species.
Starting Page	545
Ending Page	553
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13850237
Journal	Plant Ecology
Volume Number	213
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15735052
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-01-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biogeography Centaurea Competition Congener Invasion Relative growth rate Seed mass Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Plant Science

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