NDLI: Linking carbon balance to establishment patterns: comparison of whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce seedlings along an herb cover exposure gradient at treeline

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bansal, Sheel Reinhardt, Keith Germi, Matthew J.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	There is increasing evidence that landscape vegetation patterns near species’ range limits are associated with positive biotic interactions, such as in the alpine-treeline ecotone. In the northern Rocky Mountains, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is considered an early-successional species, able to establish in exposed microsites, while late-successional species such as Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) are more dependent on neighboring vegetation to facilitate establishment. We compared ecophysiological traits associated with carbon balance of newly germinated seedlings of whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce along an herb cover gradient to (1) infer which ecophysiological properties explain the establishment success of seedlings, and (2) to assess differences in establishment patterns with respect to distance from neighboring vegetation. We measured survival over 2 years, and concurrently measured gas exchange and water relations (photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration), morphology [specific leaf area (SLA)], and biochemistry [chlorophyll fluorescence (F $_{v}$ /F $_{m}$) and nonstructural carbohydrates]. Both species initially established in the most exposed microsites away from vegetation during their first growing season, but only pine persisted in exposed microsites to the end of the second growing season. Pine exhibited phenotypic traits to increase stress tolerance (e.g., higher soluble sugar concentrations, lower SLA) and improve carbon balance (e.g., greater water use efficiency, lower respiration, higher F $_{v}$ /F $_{m}$) compared to spruce in exposed sites, but had lower carbon balance under herb cover. Superior establishment success of pine in exposed microsites at treeline could thus be attributed to a suite of intrinsic physiological advantages that are apparent at the earliest stage of development.
Starting Page	219
Ending Page	228
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13850237
Journal	Plant Ecology
Volume Number	212
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15735052
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2010-07-29
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Chlorophyll fluorescence Nonstructural carbohydrates Photosynthesis Picea engelmannii Pinus albicaulis Respiration Specific leaf area Transpiration Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Plant Science

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Linking carbon balance to establishment patterns: comparison of whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce seedlings along an herb cover exposure gradient at treeline

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