NDLI: Roof–envelope ratio impact on green roof energy performance

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Martens, Ryan Bass, Brad Alcazar, Susana Saiz
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	This paper addresses the impact of roof-to-envelope ratio on overall energy savings of a green roof design over conventional roof designs. Simulations were performed using a modified version of the Environmental System Performance program simulator, developed at the University of Strathclyde. The modified design employed a model developed by Columbia University and the Goddard Institute of Space Science which models the evapotranspiritive effect of a green roof calculated using the Bowen ratio; that is, the ratio of sensible heat flux to the surrounding air to the latent heat flux resulting from evapourative energy losses. The resulting heat flux term is proportional to the external surface convection, but inversely proportional to the surface Bowen ratio, which is held constant and chosen to match experimental results obtained for a given roof design. The present study performed simulations for the month of July in a Toronto climate on square warehouse style one, two, and three-story buildings, with windows occupying 10% of the area of each wall. For the first set of simulations, the internal building load of each story was set to zero, and the roof–envelope ratio was increased by increasing the building width and length. For the final simulations, several roof–envelope ratios were chosen, and the internal load of each story was increased from 0 to 50,000 W. As the roof–envelope ratio increases, the cooling load of the upper floor for multi-story designs approaches the entire building cooling load. This indicates the importance of upper zone cooling in total building energy reductions. Furthermore, the total energy savings of a green-roofed building over a conventional roofed building were far more significant for single-story structures. A 250 × 250 m green-roof design with 50,000 W internal loading was found to have percentage energy savings of 73%, 29%, and 18%, for a one, two, and three-story design, respectively.
Starting Page	399
Ending Page	408
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10838155
Journal	Urban Ecosystems
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15731642
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-04-15
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Green roof Building energy simulation ESP-r Building envelope Latent flux Nature Conservation Ecology Environmental Management Urban Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Urban Studies

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