NDLI: The role of working equines to livelihoods in current day campesino hill-slope communities in central Mexico

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Velázquez Beltrán, Leon G. Sánchez Vera, Ernesto Nava Bernal, Eufemio Gabi Arriaga Jordán, Carlos M.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Small-holder campesino agriculture is based on the diversified use of resources and off-farm work. Working equines have a multifunctional character and sustain the diversification of livelihoods having different values as assets or providing services. The objective was to identify the role of working equines in current diversification strategies in the livelihoods of campesino families in a hill-slope community in central Mexico within livelihoods analysis. Thirty-one variables related to ownership and use of working equines were analysed by cluster analysis and descriptive statistics contrasting the presence of equines in the diversification of livelihoods. Four groups were identified, determined mainly by age of farmer and number of family members who utilise equines. Results show these systems diversify in response to conditions of risk or to take advantage of opportunities, such that a balance is reached by resorting to off-farm activities without the total loss of components of the farming system. Two main situations were found in relation to working equines: the disappearance and change of functions of the large equines (mules), and the adaptation of small equines (donkeys) to the new conditions. It is concluded that there is a process of adaptation in hill-slope campesino farms such that large equines are less present in farms that have moved towards more diversification, but are kept in those farms less diversified. The use of equines for draught force in agricultural production and as pack animals continues, as is the presence of small livestock (sheep and poultry) irrespective of the context of the farm.
Starting Page	1623
Ending Page	1632
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00494747
Journal	Tropical Animal Health and Production
Volume Number	43
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	15737438
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-06-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Small-holder hill-slope agriculture Working equines Livelihoods Diversification Mexico Zoology Veterinary Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Animal Science and Zoology Food Animals

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