NDLI: Detection of occurrence of a recent genetic bottleneck event in Indian hill cattle breed Bargur using microsatellite markers

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ganapathi, Palanisamy Rajendran, Ramanujam Kathiravan, Periasamy
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The effective number of breedable individuals is a crucial determinant for maintaining genetic variability within a population. The population of Bargur, the hill cattle of South India, has gone down drastically by more than 93 % in the past three decades, and only a few thousand animals are available at present. The present study was undertaken to evaluate Bargur cattle for mutation drift equilibrium and to detect the occurrence of recent genetic bottleneck event, if any, in this population. About 50 unrelated animals, true to the type, were sampled and genotyped at 25 microsatellite loci. The mean observed heterozygosity (0.808 ± 0.023) was higher than the mean expected heterozygosity (0.762 ± 0.008) with 15 out of 25 microsatellite loci exhibiting heterozygosity excess when assumed under Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. To evaluate Bargur cattle for mutation drift equilibrium, three tests were performed under three different mutation models, viz., infinite allele model (IAM), stepwise mutation model (SMM) and two-phase model (TPM). The observed gene diversity (H $_{e}$) and expected equilibrium gene diversity (H $_{eq}$) were estimated under different models of microsatellite evolution. All the 25 loci were found to exhibit gene diversity excess under IAM and TPM, while 22 loci were having gene diversity excess under SMM. All the three statistical tests, viz., sign test, standardized differences test, and Wilcoxon sign rank test, revealed significant (P < 0.01) deviation of Bargur cattle population from mutation-drift equilibrium under all the three models of mutation. Furthermore, the qualitative test of allele frequency distribution in Bargur cattle population revealed a strong mode shift from the normal L-shaped form suggesting that the population had experienced genetic bottleneck in the recent past. The occurrence of genetic bottleneck might have led to the loss of several rare alleles in the population, which point towards the need for efforts to conserve this important cattle germplasm. The present study is the first report in demonstrating the genetic basis of demographic bottleneck in an Indian cattle population.
Starting Page	2007
Ending Page	2013
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00494747
Journal	Tropical Animal Health and Production
Volume Number	44
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	15737438
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-05-18
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Heterozygosity excess Mutation drift equilibrium Mode shift Mutation models Zoology Veterinary Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Animal Science and Zoology Food Animals

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