NDLI: The Correlation of Microchemical Properties to Antiwear (AW) Performance in Ashless Thiophosphate Oil Additives

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Najman, M.N. Kasrai, M. Bancroft, G. M. Frazer, B. H. Stasio, G. De
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at macro-scale (mm2) and X-ray photoelectron emissions microscopy (X-PEEM) at micro-scale (μm2) have been used to investigate the chemistry and spatial distributions of chemical species in tribochemical films generated from ashless thiophosphate oil additives on steel. Two different ashless thiophosphate additives were used: a triaryl monothiophosphate (MTP) and a dialkyldithiophosphate (DTP). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and secondary electron microscopy (SEM) were also used to investigate the thickness and the topography of the tribofilms. Macro-scale XANES analysis showed that both ashless thiophosphates reacted with the steel surface to produce short to medium chain polyphosphates as the main constituent and sulfur species as minor component. From the PEEM experiment, it was found that the DTP tribofilm was microchemically heterogeneous, with areas of varying degrees of polyphosphate chain length. Conversely, MTP formed a tribofilm microchemically homogeneous, with areas comprised of only short chain polyphosphates. From, the different areas of polyphosphate chain length within the DTP tribofilm, colour-coded polyphosphate distribution map was generated. AFM, X-PEEM and SEM revealed that the DTP film was thicker and was composed of AW pads that were wider in area than MTP. This resulted in a smaller wear scar width (WSW) value for DTP. This is the first time that all these analytical techniques have been combined to better understand the nature of the tribofilms from ashless additives. We have concluded that an ideal AW film is comprised of a thick film with pad-like structures that are wider in area and microchemically heterogeneous, with areas of varying polyphosphate chain length.
Starting Page	811
Ending Page	822
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10238883
Journal	Tribology Letters
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15732711
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Physical Chemistry Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Mechanics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surfaces, Coatings and Films Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering Surfaces and Interfaces

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