NDLI: Review of Solar Wind Entry into and Transport Within the Plasma Sheet

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wing, S. Johnson, J. R. Chaston, C. C. Echim, M. Escoubet, C. P. Lavraud, B. Lemon, C. Nykyri, K. Otto, A. Raeder, J. Wang, C. P.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The plasma sheet is populated in part by the solar wind plasma. Four solar entry mechanisms are examined: (1) double cusp or double lobe reconnection, (2) Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI), (3) Kinetic Alfvén waves (KAW), and (4) Impulsive Penetration. These mechanisms can efficiently fill the plasma sheet with cold dense ions during northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The solar wind ions appear to have been heated upon entry along the plasma sheet dawn flank. The cold-component (solar wind origin) ion density is higher on the dawn flank than the dusk flank. The asymmetric evolution of the KAW and magnetic reconnection in association with the KHI at the dawn and dusk flank magnetopause may partly produce the dawn-dusk temperature and density asymmetries. Solar wind that crosses the magnetopause lowers the specific entropy (s=p/ρ $^{ γ }$) of the plasma sheet along the flanks. Subsequent transport of the cold ions from the flanks to the midnight meridian increases s by a factor of 5. T $_{ i }$, T $_{ e }$, s $_{ i }$, and s $_{ e }$ increase when the solar wind particles are transported across the magnetopause, but T $_{ i }$/T $_{ e }$ is roughly conserved. Within the magnetotail, E×B and curvature and gradient drifts play important roles in the plasma transport and can explain the large features seen in the plasma sheet. Turbulence can also play a significant role, particularly in the cold plasma transport from the flanks to the midnight meridian. Total entropy (S=pV $^{ γ }$) conservation provides important constraints on the plasma sheet transport, e.g., fast flows.
Starting Page	33
Ending Page	86
Page Count	54
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00386308
Journal	Space Science Reviews
Volume Number	184
Issue Number	1-4
e-ISSN	15729672
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-11-04
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Solar wind entry Particle transport Double cusp (lobe) reconnection Kelvin-Helmholtz Kinetic Alfvén wave (KAW) Entropy Fast flow Turbulence Ion to electron temperature ratio Ion outflow Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences Planetology Aerospace Technology and Astronautics Astrophysics and Astroparticles
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Space and Planetary Science

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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