NDLI: The Scientific Measurement System of the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) Mission

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Asmar, Sami W. Kopliv, Alexander S. Watkins, Michael M. Williams, James G. Park, Ryan S. Kruizinga, Gerhard Paik, Meegyeong Yuan, Dah Ning Fahnestock, Eugene Strekalov, Dmitry Harvey, Nate Lu, Wenwen Kahan, Daniel Oudrhiri, Kamal Smith, David E. Zuber, Maria T.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission to the Moon utilized an integrated scientific measurement system comprised of flight, ground, mission, and data system elements in order to meet the end-to-end performance required to achieve its scientific objectives. Modeling and simulation efforts were carried out early in the mission that influenced and optimized the design, implementation, and testing of these elements. Because the two prime scientific observables, range between the two spacecraft and range rates between each spacecraft and ground stations, can be affected by the performance of any element of the mission, we treated every element as part of an extended science instrument, a science system. All simulations and modeling took into account the design and configuration of each element to compute the expected performance and error budgets. In the process, scientific requirements were converted to engineering specifications that became the primary drivers for development and testing. Extensive simulations demonstrated that the scientific objectives could in most cases be met with significant margin. Errors are grouped into dynamic or kinematic sources and the largest source of non-gravitational error comes from spacecraft thermal radiation. With all error models included, the baseline solution shows that estimation of the lunar gravity field is robust against both dynamic and kinematic errors and a nominal field of degree 300 or better could be achieved according to the scaled Kaula rule for the Moon. The core signature is more sensitive to modeling errors and can be recovered with a small margin.
Starting Page	25
Ending Page	55
Page Count	31
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00386308
Journal	Space Science Reviews
Volume Number	178
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15729672
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-02-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Gravity Moon Remote sensing Spacecraft Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences Planetology Aerospace Technology and Astronautics Astrophysics and Astroparticles
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Space and Planetary Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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