NDLI: Is the Highest Cosmic-Ray Flux Yet to Come?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Strauss, R. D. Potgieter, M. S.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The recent 2009 solar-minimum period was characterized by a record-setting high Galactic cosmic-ray flux observed at Earth. This, along with the unexpected low heliospheric magnetic-field magnitude, caused this period to be characterized as unusual compared with previous minimum epochs. In this work, selected solar-activity proxies and corresponding cosmic-ray observations for the past five solar cycles are compared with each other, and we identify those that showed unusual behaviour during the 2009 solar-minimum modulation period. Using a state-of-the-art numerical-modulation model, the proton-intensity spectra for the past solar minima are reproduced to establish which of the transport processes might be considered the main cause of this unusually high cosmic-ray flux. It is found that diffusion was more prominent during 2009 so that drift effects on the modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere were less evident than during previous solar-polarity epochs. However, particle drifts still occurred and because of these drift effects, the proton spectrum is predicted to be even higher during the coming A>0 solar-minimum period.
Starting Page	3197
Ending Page	3205
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00380938
Journal	Solar Physics
Volume Number	289
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	1573093X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-03-19
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cosmic rays Heliosphere Solar modulation Usual solar minimum Diffusion Drifts Astrophysics and Astroparticles Atmospheric Sciences Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Space and Planetary Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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