NDLI: Abundance Enhancements in Impulsive Solar Energetic-Particle Events with Associated Coronal Mass Ejections

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Reames, Donald V. Cliver, Edward W. Kahler, Stephen W.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	We study the abundances of the elements He through Pb in Fe-rich impulsive solar energetic-particle (SEP) events with measurable abundances of ions with atomic number Z>2 observed on the Wind spacecraft, and their relationship with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed by the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). On an average the element abundances in these events are similar to coronal abundances at low Z but, for heavier elements, enhancements rise as a power law in the mass-to-charge ratio A/Q of the ions (at coronal temperatures of 2.5 – 3 MK) to a factor of 3 at Ne, 9 at Fe, and 900 for 76≤Z≤82. Energy dependences of abundances are minimal in the 2 – 15 MeV amu$^{−1}$ range. The 111 of these Fe-rich impulsive SEP events we found, between November 1994 and August 2013 using the Wind spacecraft, have a 69 % association rate with CMEs. The CMEs are narrow with a median width of 75$^{∘}$, are characteristically from western longitudes on the Sun, and have a median speed of ≈ 600 km s$^{−1}$. Nearly all SEP onsets occur within 1.5 – 5 h of the CME onset. The faster (> 700 km s$^{−1}$), wider CMEs in our sample are related to SEPs with coronal abundances indicating hot coronal plasma with fully ionized He, C, N and O and moderate enhancements of heavier elements, relative to He, but slower (< 700 km s$^{−1}$), narrower CMEs emerge from cooler plasma where higher SEP mass-to-charge ratios, A/Q, yield much greater abundance enhancements, even for C/He and O/He. Apparently, the open magnetic-reconnection region where the impulsive SEPs are accelerated also provides the energy to drive out CME plasma, accounting for a strong, probably universal, impulsive SEP-CME association.
Starting Page	3817
Ending Page	3841
Page Count	25
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00380938
Journal	Solar Physics
Volume Number	289
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	1573093X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-05-27
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Coronal mass ejections Shock waves Solar energetic particles Solar system abundances Astrophysics and Astroparticles Atmospheric Sciences Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Space and Planetary Science

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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Variations in Abundance Enhancements in Impulsive Solar Energetic-Particle Events and Related CMEs and Flares

Element Abundances in Solar Energetic Particles and the Solar Corona

Temperature of the Source Plasma for Impulsive Solar Energetic Particles

The Origin of Element Abundance Variations in Solar Energetic Particles

Temperature of the Source Plasma in Gradual Solar Energetic Particle Events

Statistical Evidence for Contributions of Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections to Major Solar Energetic Particle Events

Spatial Distribution of Solar Energetic Particles in the Inner Heliosphere

The Properties of Solar Energetic Particle Event-Associated Coronal Mass Ejections Reported in Different CME Catalogs

Abundance Enhancements in Impulsive Solar Energetic-Particle Events with Associated Coronal Mass Ejections

Abundance Enhancements in Impulsive Solar Energetic-Particle Events with Associated Coronal Mass Ejections

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