NDLI: Real-time Flare Detection in Ground-Based Hα Imaging at Kanzelhöhe Observatory

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Pötzi, W. Veronig, A. M. Riegler, G. Amerstorfer, U. Pock, T. Temmer, M. Polanec, W. Baumgartner, D. J.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Kanzelhöhe Observatory (KSO) regularly performs high-cadence full-disk imaging of the solar chromosphere in the Hα and Ca ii K spectral lines as well as in the solar photosphere in white light. In the frame of ESA’s (European Space Agency) Space Situational Awareness (SSA) program, a new system for real-time Hα data provision and automatic flare detection was developed at KSO. The data and events detected are published in near real-time at ESA’s SSA Space Weather portal ( http://swe.ssa.esa.int/web/guest/kso-federated ). In this article, we describe the Hα instrument, the image-recognition algorithms we developed, and the implementation into the KSO Hα observing system. We also present the evaluation results of the real-time data provision and flare detection for a period of five months. The Hα data provision worked in 99.96 % of the images, with a mean time lag of four seconds between image recording and online provision. Within the given criteria for the automatic image-recognition system (at least three Hα images are needed for a positive detection), all flares with an area ≥ 50 micro-hemispheres that were located within 60° of the solar center and occurred during the KSO observing times were detected, a number of 87 events in total. The automatically determined flare importance and brightness classes were correct in ∼ 85 %. The mean flare positions in heliographic longitude and latitude were correct to within ∼ 1°. The median of the absolute differences for the flare start and peak times from the automatic detections in comparison with the official NOAA (and KSO) visual flare reports were 3 min (1 min).
Starting Page	951
Ending Page	977
Page Count	27
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00380938
Journal	Solar Physics
Volume Number	290
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1573093X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-12-05
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Active regions Flares Dynamics Instrumentation and data management Astrophysics and Astroparticles Atmospheric Sciences Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Astronomy and Astrophysics Space and Planetary Science

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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