NDLI: Photosynthetic Metabolism and Activity of Carboxylating Enzymes in Emergent, Floating, and Submersed Leaves of Hydrophytes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Nekrasova, G. F. Ronzhina, D. A. Maleva, M. G. P'yankov, V. I.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Radioisotope techniques were used to compare photosynthetic CO$_{2}$ fixation, activities of carboxylating enzymes, and the composition of photosynthates in 42 species of aquatic plants (emergent, floating, and submersed hydrophytes) collected from rivers Sysert' and Iset' in Sverdlovsk oblast (Russia). The submersed leaves, in comparison with the emergent and floating leaves, featured lower rates of potential photosynthesis (by 2.2 mg CO$^{2}$/(dm$^{2}$ h) on average), low content of the fraction I protein, and low activity of Rubisco and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC). The averaged activities of Rubisco and PEPC were diminished in submersed leaves by 10 and 1 mg/(dm$^{2}$ h), respectively. Different hydrophyte groups showed similar composition of assimilates accumulated after 5-min photosynthesis and did not differ in this respect from terrestrial plants. However, the incorporation of $^{14}$C into sucrose and starch in submersed leaves (30 and 9% of total labeling, respectively) was lower than in emergent and floating leaves (45 and 15%, respectively). At the same time, the incorporation of $^{14}$C into C$_{4}$ acids (malate and aspartate) was 1.5 times higher in submersed leaves than in other leaf types. Analysis of leaf differentiation, the Rubisco/PEPC activity ratio, the PEPC activity, and the composition of primary photosynthates in the “pulse–chase” experiments revealed no evidence of the “C$_{4}$ effect” in the submersed hydrophytes examined. The adaptation of hydatophytes to specific conditions of an aquatic environment was structurally manifested in the reduction (by a factor of 3–5) in the number of chloroplasts per 1 cm$^{2}$ leaf area. This small number of chloroplasts was responsible for low photosynthetic rates in submersed leaves, although metabolic activities of individual chloroplasts were similar for all three hydrophyte groups.
Starting Page	57
Ending Page	67
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10214437
Journal	Russian Journal of Plant Physiology
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	16083407
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science

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