NDLI: Microbial decolorization and degradation of synthetic dyes: a review

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Khan, Razia Bhawana, P. Fulekar, M. H.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The synthesis of dyes and pigments used in textiles and other industries generate the hazardous wastes. A dye is used to impart color to materials of which it becomes an integral part. The waste generated during the process and operation of the dyes commonly found to contain the inorganic and organic contaminant leading to the hazard to ecosystem and biodiversity causing impact on the environment. The amount of azo dyes concentration present in wastewater varied from lower to higher concentration that lead to color dye effluent causing toxicity to biological ecosystem. The physico-chemical treatment does not remove the color and dye compound concentration. The decolorization of the dye takes place either by adsorption on the microbial biomass or biodegradation by the cells. Bioremediation takes place by anaerobic and/or aerobic process. The anaerobic process converts dye in toxic amino compounds which on further treatment with aerobic reaction convert the intermediate into CO$_{2}$ biomass and inorganics. In the present review the decolorization and degradation of azo dyes by fungi, algae, yeast and bacteria have been cited along with the anaerobic to aerobic treatment processes. The factors affecting decolorization and biodegradation of azo dye compounds such as pH, temperature, dye concentration, effects of CO$_{2}$ and Nitrogen, agitation, effect of dye structure, electron donor and enzymes involved in microbial decolorization of azo dyes have been discussed. This paper will have the application for the decolorization and degradation of azo dye compound into environmental friendly compounds.
Starting Page	75
Ending Page	97
Page Count	23
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15691705
Journal	Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15729826
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-07-08
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Decolorization Synthetic dyes Biodegradation Phytotoxicity Oxidoreductive enzymes Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Microbiology Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Book Review
Subject	Waste Management and Disposal Pollution Environmental Engineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

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