NDLI: Carotenoid biosynthesis in diatoms

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bertrand, Martine
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Diatoms are ubiquitous and constitute an important group of the phytoplankton community having a major contribution to the total marine primary production. These microalgae exhibit a characteristic golden-brown colour due to a high amount of the xanthophyll fucoxanthin that plays a major role in the light-harvesting complex of photosystems. In the water column, diatoms are exposed to light intensities that vary quickly from lower to higher values. Xanthophyll cycles prevent photodestruction of the cells in excessive light intensities. In diatoms, the diadinoxanthin–diatoxanthin cycle is the most important short-term photoprotective mechanism. If the biosynthetic pathways of chloroplast pigments have been extensively studied in higher plants and green algae, the research on carotenoid biosynthesis in diatoms is still in its infancy. In this study, the data on the biosynthetic pathway of diatom carotenoids are reviewed. The early steps occur through the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. Then a hypothetical pathway is suggested from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) and isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP). Most of the enzymes of the pathway have not been so far isolated from diatoms, but candidate genes for each of them were identified using protein similarity searches of genomic data.
Starting Page	89
Ending Page	102
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01668595
Journal	Photosynthesis Research
Volume Number	106
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15735079
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2010-08-24
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Carotenoids Diadinoxanthin Diatoms Diatoxanthin MEP pathway Xanthophylls Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Sciences Biochemistry Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science Medicine Biochemistry

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