NDLI: Photosynthetic use of inorganic carbon in deep-water kelps from the Strait of Gibraltar

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	García Sánchez, María Jesús Delgado Huertas, Antonio Fernández, José Antonio Flores Moya, Antonio
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Mechanisms of inorganic carbon assimilation were investigated in the four deep-water kelps inhabiting sea bottoms at the Strait of Gibraltar; these species are distributed at different depths (Saccorhiza polysiches at shallower waters, followed by Laminaria ochroleuca, then Phyllariopsis brevipes and, at the deepest bottoms, Phyllariopsis purpurascens). To elucidate the capacity to use HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ as a source of inorganic carbon for photosynthesis in the kelps, different experimental approaches were used. Specifically, we measured the irradiance-saturated gross photosynthetic rate versus pH at a constant dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration of 2 mM, the irradiance-saturated apparent photosynthesis (APS) rate versus DIC, the total and the extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA$_{ext}$), the observed and the theoretical photosynthetic rates supported by the spontaneous dehydration of HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ to CO$_{2}$, and the δ$^{13}$C signature in tissues of the algae. While S. polyschides and L. ochroleuca showed photosynthetic activity at pH 9.5 (around 1.0 µmol O$_{2}$ m$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$), the activity was close to zero in both species of Phyllariopsis. The APS versus DIC was almost saturated for the DIC values of natural seawater (2 mM) in S. polyschides and L. ochroleuca, but the relationship was linear in P. brevipes and P. purpurascens. The four species showed total and CA$_{ext}$ activities but the inhibition of the CA$_{ext}$ originated the observed photosynthetic rates at pH 8.0 to be similar to the theoretical rates that could be supported by the spontaneous dehydration of HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$. The isotopic $^{13}$C signatures ranged from −17.40 ± 1.81 to −21.11 ± 1.73 ‰ in the four species. Additionally, the δ$^{13}$C signature was also measured in the deep-water Laminaria rodriguezii growing at 60–80 m, showing even a more negative value of −26.49 ± 1.25 ‰. All these results suggest that the four kelps can use HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ as external carbon source for photosynthesis mainly by the action of external CA$_{ext}$, but they also suggest that the species inhabiting shallower waters show a higher capacity than the smaller kelps living in deeper waters. In fact, the photosynthesis in the two Phyllariopsis species could be accomplished by the spontaneous dehydration of HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ to CO$_{2}$. These differences in the capacity to use HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ in photosynthesis among species could be important considering the increasing levels of atmospheric CO$_{2}$ predicted for the near future.
Starting Page	295
Ending Page	305
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01668595
Journal	Photosynthesis Research
Volume Number	127
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15735079
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-08-15
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Carbonic anhydrase CO$_{2}$ concentration mechanism Kelps HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ Laminaria ochroleuca Phyllariopsis brevipes Phyllariopsis purpurascens Saccorhiza polyschides δ$^{13}$C Plant Sciences Plant Physiology Biochemistry Plant Genetics & Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science Medicine Biochemistry

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