NDLI: No-till reduces global warming potential in a subtropical Ferralsol

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Piva, Jonatas Thiago Dieckow, Jeferson Bayer, Cimélio Zanatta, Josiléia Acordi Moraes, Anibal Pauletti, Volnei Tomazi, Michely Pergher, Maico
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	For tropical and subtropical soils, information is scarce regarding the global warming potential (GWP) of no-till (NT) agriculture systems. Soil organic carbon (OC) sequestration is promoted by NT agriculture, but this may be offset by increased nitrous oxide (N$_{2}$O) emissions. We assessed the GWP of a NT as compared to conventional tillage (CT) in a subtropical Brazilian Ferralsol.From September 2008 to September 2009 we used static chambers and chromatographic analyses to assess N$_{2}$O and methane (CH$_{4}$) soil fluxes in an area previously used for 3–4 years as a field-experiment. The winter cover crop was ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) while in summer it was silage maize (Zea mays L.).The accumulated N$_{2}$O emission for NT was about half that of CT (1.26 vs 2.42 kg N ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$, P = 0.06). Emission peaks for N$_{2}$O occurred for a month after CT, presumably induced by mineralization of residual nitrogen. In both systems, the highest N$_{2}$O flux occurred after sidedressing maize with inorganic nitrogen, although the flux was lower in NT than CT (132 vs 367 μg N m$^{−2}$ h$^{−1}$, P = 0.05), possibly because some of the sidedressed nitrogen was immobilized by ryegrass residues on the surface of the NT soil. Neither water-filled pore space (WFPS) nor inorganic nitrogen (NH 4 + and NO 3 − ) correlated with N$_{2}$O fluxes, although at some specific periods relationships were observed with inorganic nitrogen. Soils subjected to CT or NT both acted as CH$_{4}$ sinks during most of the experiment, although a CH$_{4}$ peak in May (autumn) led to overall CH$_{4}$ emissions of 1.15 kg CH$_{4}$-C ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$ for CT and 1.08 kg CH$_{4}$-C ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$ for NT (P = 0.90). The OC stock in the 0–20 cm soil layer was slightly higher for NT than for CT (67.20 vs 66.49 Mg ha$^{−1}$, P = 0.36). In the 0–100 cm layer, the OC stock was significantly higher for NT as compared to CT (234.61 vs 231.95 Mg ha$^{−1}$, P = 0.01), indicating that NT resulted in the sequestration of OC at a rate of 0.76 Mg ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$. The CO$_{2}$ equivalent cost of agronomic practices was similar for CT (1.72 Mg CO$_{2}$eq ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$) and NT (1.62 Mg CO$_{2}$eq ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$). However, NT reduced the GWP relative to CT (−0.55 vs 2.90 Mg CO$_{2}$eq ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$), with the difference of −3.45 Mg CO$_{2}$eq ha$^{−1}$ year$^{−1}$ (negative value implies mitigation) being driven mainly by OC sequestration. The greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI, equivalent to GWP/silage yield) was lower for NT than CT (−31.7 vs 171.1 kg CO$_{2}$eq Mg$^{−1}$ for silage maize).As compared to CT, greenhouse gas emissions from a subtropical soil can be mitigated by NT by lowering N$_{2}$O emissions and, principally, sequestration of CO$_{2}$-C.
Starting Page	359
Ending Page	373
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0032079X
Journal	Plant and Soil
Volume Number	361
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15735036
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-05-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Nitrous oxide Methane C sequestration N immobilization Conventional tillage Greenhouse gas intensity Plant Physiology Ecology Plant Sciences Soil Science & Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Plant Science

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