NDLI: Mineralization of nitrogen from crop residues and N recovery by maize inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Paré, T. Gregorich, E.G. Nelson, S. D.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	Legume crop residues serve as a source of nitrogen (N) for succeeding crops in low-input production systems, and characterizing the release of this N supports efforts to develop sound economic and environmental management practices. Nitrogen mineralization of $^{15}$N-labelled field crop residues was monitored in a Greenville sandy loam during a 140-day laboratory incubation at 25°C. Residue type strongly influenced the rate of N mineralization; decomposition rate constants were 0.283, 0.083, 0.00047 and 0.0014 day$^{-1}$ for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) stover (above-ground plant parts), alfalfa roots, maize (Zea mays L.) stover (above-ground plant parts excluding cob and kernels) and maize roots, respectively. At the end of the incubation, 50% of alfalfa stover and 25% of alfalfa root residues N were mineralized, whereas these proportions were 8% for maize stover and 12% for root residues. Mineralization of $^{15}$N from alfalfa stover residues was also monitored in a greenhouse experiment to determine N availability during the growth of maize inoculated or not with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi, and to evaluate the effects of the presence of plants on the decomposition of the residues. Stover and root dry matter yields were greatest for maize inoculated with VAM fungi and grown in residue-amended soil. At the final harvest, maize grown in residue-amended soils had accumulated 44% more dry matter and 40% more N than maize grown in unamended soils. Enhanced VAM colonization of roots inoculated with a mixture of three Glomus spp. increased the residue N accumulation in maize roots at 5 weeks after silking and at the final harvest. Alfalfa stover decomposed rapidly both in the presence and absence of maize plants, but the amount of $^{15}$N mineralized at the end of the experiment was influenced by the presence of living roots; 23% of the $^{15}$N in alfalfa stover residues was mineralized in soil without plants compared to about 38% when maize plants were present. These results suggest that N mineralization is enhanced by the presence of living roots.
Starting Page	11
Ending Page	20
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0032079X
Journal	Plant and Soil
Volume Number	218
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15735036
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2000-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ecology Plant Sciences Plant Physiology Soil Science & Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Plant Science

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