NDLI: Ultraviolet-B radiation or heat cause changes in photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities and pollen performance in olive tree

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Ultraviolet-B radiation or heat cause changes in photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities and pollen performance in olive tree

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Koubouris, G. C. Kavroulakis, N. Metzidakis, I. T. Vasilakakis, M. D. Sofo, A.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The present study attempts to determine how some physiological and reproductive functions of olive tree (Olea europaea L., cv. Koroneiki) respond to enhanced UV-B radiation or heat. Enhanced UV-B radiation was applied to (1) three-year-old potted plants in an open nursery (corresponded to ca. 16% ozone depletion), and (2) in vitro cultured pollen samples (220 μmol m$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$, PAR = 400−700 nm + UV-B at 7.5, 15.0, or 22.5 kJ m$^{−2}$ d$^{−1}$). Potted olive plants were also subjected to high temperature (38 ± 4°C) for 28 h to mimic heat levels regularly measured in olive growing areas. A significant effect of UV-B on photosynthetic rate was observed. However, enhanced UV-B radiation did affect neither chlorophyll nor carotenoid content, supporting previous reports on hardiness of the photosynthetic apparatus in olive. Increased superoxide dismutase activity was observed in UV-B-treated olive plants (+ 225%), whereas no effect was found in the plants under heat stress. Neither UV-B and nor heat did affect H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ accumulation in the plant tissues. However, the same treatments resulted in enhanced lipid peroxidation (+ 18% for UV-B and + 15% for heat), which is likely linked to other reactive oxygen species. The increased guaiacol peroxidase activity observed in both treatments (+ 32% for UV-B and + 49% for heat) is related to the defense against oxidative membrane damage. The observed reduction in pollen germination (20–39%) and tube length (11–44%) could have serious implications on olive yields, especially for low fruit-setting cultivars or in years and environments with additional unfavorable conditions. UV-B and heat effects described here support the hypothesis that plant response to a given stressor is affected by the overall context and that a holistic approach is necessary to determine plant strategies for climate change adaptation.
Starting Page	279
Ending Page	287
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03003604
Journal	Photosynthetica
Volume Number	53
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15739058
Language	English
Publisher	The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2015-03-14
Publisher Place	Praha
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Plant Science

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