NDLI: Photosynthetic Activity and Cellular Integrity of the Andean Legume Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi under Heat and Water Stress

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Photosynthetic Activity and Cellular Integrity of the Andean Legume Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi under Heat and Water Stress

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Matos, M.C. Campos, P.S. Ramalho, J.C. Medeira, M.C. Maia, M.I. Semedo, J.M. Marques, N.M. Matos, A.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi, originally from Latin America, is an agronomy interesting legume crop due to high seed protein content and saccharides-rich tuber root. Its capacity of adaptation to Mediterranean climate, where heat and water stress are frequently associated, is being tested. Two accessions of P. ahipa (AC 102 and AC 524) differing in field production were compared as concerns the effects of water stress and high temperature on photosynthetic performance. Membrane integrity was also evaluated through electrolyte leakage (injury index, I%), lipid composition, and ultrastructure observations. Short-term heat stress (40 °C) did not affect net photosynthetic rate (P $_{N}$), stomatal conductance (g $_{s}$), and most of fluorescence parameters in both accessions, what was consistent with low electrolyte leakage. However, photosynthetic capacity (P $_{max}$) showed a significant reduction, AC 524 being more affected than AC 102. Relative water content (RWC) below 70 % caused a drastic decrease in P $_{N}$ and g $_{s}$. Fluorescence parameters, P $_{max}$, and I% were affected in the two accessions, which also presented a strong reduction (42 %) in total fatty acids (TFA). Contents of galactolipids were drastically reduced, and changes in their saturation also occurred, namely a decrease in linolenic acid (C$_{18:3}$) percentage of monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) in both accessions. Thylakoid ultrastructure in AC 524 submitted to drought showed disorganisation of grana stacking. Mitochondria presented signs of injured cristae. When water-stressed plants were subjected to high temperature, photosynthesis and fluorescence parameters did not show significant additional changes in both accessions. The exposure of drought stressed plants to 40 °C further increased electrolyte leakage in AC 524, but not in AC 102. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and plasmalemma showed an increased disorganisation. Vesicles appeared in the cytoplasm, which became electron-transparent, reflecting a strong reduction in the number of ribosomes. Hence AC 102 was less affected than AC 524 as regards some components of photosynthetic process, namely P $_{max}$ and membrane integrity. This could account for its better yield production previously observed in field grown plants.
Starting Page	493
Ending Page	501
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03003604
Journal	Photosynthetica
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15739058
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2002-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Plant Science

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Postharvest conservation of the tuberous roots of Pachyrhizus Ahipa (Wedd) Parodi

Photosynthetic Activity and Cellular Integrity of the Andean Legume Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi under Heat and Water Stress

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