Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Leal, Leila Bastos Cordery, Sarah F. Delgado Charro, M. Begoña Bunge, Annette L. Guy, Richard H. |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | To examine whether in vitro and ex vivo measurements of topical drug product performance correlate with in vivo outcomes, such that more efficient experimental approaches can be reliably and reproducibly used to establish (in)equivalence between formulations for skin application. In vitro drug release through artificial membranes, and drug penetration into porcine skin ex vivo, were compared with published human in vivo studies. Two betamethasone valerate (BMV) formulations, and three marketed econazole nitrate (EN) creams were assessed.For BMV, the stratum corneum (SC) uptake of drug in 6 h closely matched data observed in vivo in humans, and distinguished between inequivalent formulations. SC uptake of EN from the 3 creams mirrored the in vivo equivalence in man (both clinically and via similar tape-stripping experiments). However, EN clearance from SC ex vivo did not parallel that in vivo, presumably due to the absence of a functioning microcirculation. In vitro release of BMV from the different formulations did not overlap with either ex vivo or in vivo tape-stripping data whereas, for EN, a good correlation was observed. No measurable permeation of either BMV or EN was detected in a 6-h in vitro skin penetration experiment. In vitro and ex vivo methods for topical bioequivalence determination can show correlation with in vivo outcomes. However, these surrogates have understandable limitations. A “one-size-fits-all” approach for topical bioequivalence evaluation may not always be successful, therefore, and the judicious use of complementary methods may prove a more effective and reliable strategy. |
| Starting Page | 730 |
| Ending Page | 737 |
| Page Count | 8 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 07248741 |
| Journal | Pharmaceutical Research |
| Volume Number | 34 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| e-ISSN | 1573904X |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2017-01-17 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Pharmacology/Toxicology Pharmacy Biochemistry Medical Law Biomedical Engineering |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Organic Chemistry Pharmacology Molecular Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Biotechnology Pharmaceutical Science |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|