NDLI: Impact and analysis of geotechnical processes on earthfill dam breaching

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Al Riffai, Mahmoud Nistor, Ioan
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	For over three decades, emergency planners have used numerical models to predict breaching in earthfill dams due to extreme events such as overtopping. However, current models neglect the role of the unsaturated zone present within the downstream face of an earthfill dam. This leads to an incorrect estimation of the time and space evolution of the breaching process, as such models often oversimplify governing geotechnical aspects such as the presence of the unsaturated soil medium in the vicinity of the breach channel. The stress state in the soil due to matric suction acts as a stabilizing force for the breaching mechanism and influences the erosion of the breach channel, especially during the initial phases of the breaching. The side-slope failure mechanism observed along the breach channel is also influenced by the negative pore-water-pressures in the soil. Based on a comprehensive experimental research program carried out in the Hydraulics Laboratory at the University of Ottawa, Canada, several new concepts are proposed to incorporate geotechnical factors and techniques which must be considered during the construction of earthfill dam models for laboratory testing. Two main findings emerged from this experimental work. First, the installation of a drainage mattress at the downstream toe of the dam depressed the phreatic surface through the earthfill dam body, which caused a lag in the breaching process due to the infiltration and reduced erosion occurring in the breach channel. Second, it is essential to control compaction during the construction of the earthfill dam model, since this significantly influences the erosion, as well as the side-slope failures which occur in the breach channel. Future studies are under way by the authors with the purpose of scaling of parameters such as the matric suction and soil erodibility.
Starting Page	15
Ending Page	27
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0921030X
Journal	Natural Hazards
Volume Number	55
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15730840
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2010-08-17
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Earthfill dams Breach overtopping Outflow hydrograph Dam safety Side-slope failure Soil erosion Matric suction Soil compaction Laboratory scaling Environmental Management Civil Engineering Geotechnical Engineering Geophysics/Geodesy Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atmospheric Science Water Science and Technology

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