NDLI: Neurobiology of Cocaine-Induced Organic Brain Impairment: Contributions from Functional Neuroimaging

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Neurobiology of Cocaine-Induced Organic Brain Impairment: Contributions from Functional Neuroimaging

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Strickland, Tony L. Miller, Bruce L. Kowell, Arthur Stein, Richard
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	The present review is directed at imparting the current knowledge regarding functional neuroimaging as a tool for enhancing the understanding of cerebrophysiologic and neurobehavioral consequences of stimulant abuse. Stimulants like cocaine are capable of inducing clinically significant neurocognitive impairment through direct action on the brain, and indirectly through other organs that influence cerebral physiology. Neurochemical dysregulation including profound effects on the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems have substantial physiological and neurobehavioral consequences. Brain hemorrhages, transient ischemic attacks, strokes, and seizures frequently follow cocaine use. The residual cerebropathologic consequences of cocaine are seen only in significant or pronounced brain events when structural neuroimaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are employed. However, recent research with newer functional neuroimaging techniques such as single photon emission, positron emission tomography, and quantitative electroencephalography have revealed high rates of significant alteration in brain function among cocaine users, with negative structural imaging studies. These findings are often associated with impairment on neuropsychological evaluation, also in the absence of positive findings on CT and MRI. Both cerebral metabolic and hypoperfusion anomalies are seen, especially in anterior and temporal brain regions. Observed changes can persist for months, and for some patients, may represent a permanent change in brain functioning.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10407308
Journal	Neuropsychology Review
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15736660
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Neuroradiology Neurology Health Psychology Neuropsychology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology

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