NDLI: Use of M$_{1}$–M$_{5}$ Muscarinic Receptor Knockout Mice as Novel Tools to Delineate the Physiological Roles of the Muscarinic Cholinergic System

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bymaster, Frank P. McKinzie, David L. Felder, Christian C. Wess, Jürgen
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	In this review we report recent findings on the physiological role of the five known muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) as shown by gene targeting technology. Using knockout mice for each mAChRs subtype, the role of mAChRs subtypes in a number of physiological functions was confirmed and new activities were discovered. The M$_{1}$ mAChRs modulate neurotransmitter signaling in cortex and hippocampus. The M$_{3}$ mAChRs are involved in exocrine gland secretion, smooth muscle contractility, pupil dilation, food intake, and weight gain. The role of the M$_{5}$ mAChRs involves modulation of central dopamine function and the tone of cerebral blood vessels. mAChRs of the M$_{2}$ subtype mediate muscarinic agonist-induced bradycardia, tremor, hypothermia, and autoinhibition of release in several brain regions. M$_{4}$ mAChRs modulate dopamine activity in motor tracts and act as inhibitory autoreceptors in striatum. Thus, as elucidated by gene targeting technology, mAChRs have widespread and manifold functions in the periphery and brain.
Starting Page	437
Ending Page	442
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	28
Issue Number	3-4
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Neurosciences Neurology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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