NDLI: L-Carnitine and Acetyl-l-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ferreira, Gustavo C. McKenna, Mary C.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	l-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. Treatment with l-carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism. In recent years there has been considerable interest in the therapeutic potential of l-carnitine and its acetylated derivative acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) for neuroprotection in a number of disorders including hypoxia-ischemia, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease and in conditions leading to central or peripheral nervous system injury. There is compelling evidence from preclinical studies that l-carnitine and ALCAR can improve energy status, decrease oxidative stress and prevent subsequent cell death in models of adult, neonatal and pediatric brain injury. ALCAR can provide an acetyl moiety that can be oxidized for energy, used as a precursor for acetylcholine, or incorporated into glutamate, glutamine and GABA, or into lipids for myelination and cell growth. Administration of ALCAR after brain injury in rat pups improved long-term functional outcomes, including memory. Additional studies are needed to better explore the potential of l-carnitine and ALCAR for protection of developing brain as there is an urgent need for therapies that can improve outcome after neonatal and pediatric brain injury.
Starting Page	1661
Ending Page	1675
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2017-05-16
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	l-Carnitine Acetyl-l-carnitine Neuroprotection Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia Pediatric traumatic brain injury Metabolism Inborn errors of metabolism Carnitine shuttle Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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