NDLI: XQ-1H Suppresses Neutrophils Infiltration and Oxidative Stress Induced by Cerebral Ischemia Injury Both In Vivo and In Vitro

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wei, Jie Fang, Weirong Sha, Lan Han, Dan Zhang, Rui Hao, Xin Li, Yunman
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury plays an important role in the development of tissue injury after acute stroke, including neutrophils adhesion and infiltration, inflammation and oxidative stress. 10-O-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)-ginkgolide B methanesulfonate (XQ-1H) is a novel ginkdolide B derivative. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of XQ-1H in vivo and vitro. In our study, rats were treating with XQ-1H (31.2, 15.6 and 7.8 mg/kg) after middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Primary cultured cortical rat neurons were treated with Na$_{2}$S$_{2}$O$_{4}$ for 1.5 h to mimic hypoxia and reoxygenation injury in vitro. Cortical neurons were preincubated with XQ-1H (100, 10, 1 μM) 24 h before hypoxic injury. Brain edema was evaluated by brain water content. Neutrophil infiltration was determined by fluorescence imaging method and myeloperoxidase assay. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry analysis. Neuronal injury was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase releasing and lactic acid content. The anti-oxidative effects of XQ-1H were evaluated by superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde content in ischemic brain and neuron cultures subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation procedure. Results showed that XQ-1H reduced neutrophils infiltration to ischemic brain, which might result from down regulation of inflammatory mediators, such as ICAM-1 and MMP-9. In addition, an antioxidative effect of XQ-1H was observed in cortical neuron and brain homogenates by enhancing SOD activity and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. These results indicated that XQ-1H possessed a protective effect against cerebral ischemia, especially on neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress.
Starting Page	2542
Ending Page	2549
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	38
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2013-10-12
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Middle cerebral artery occlusion Hypoxia and reoxygenation Neurons Neutrophil infiltration Oxidative stress Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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