NDLI: Fragile image watermarking scheme based on VQ index sharing and self-embedding

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Qin, Chuan Ji, Ping Wang, Jinwei Chang, Chin Chen
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	In this paper, we propose a self-embedding fragile watermarking scheme using vector quantization (VQ) and index sharing. First, the principle contents of original image are compactly represented by a series of VQ indices. Then, after permutation, the binary bits of VQ indices are extended to generate reference-bits by a random binary matrix, which can make all reference-bits share the information of VQ index bits from different regions of the whole image. The image is embedded with watermark-bits including hash-bits for tampering localization and reference-bits for content recovery, and is transmitted to receiver side. Tampered regions in the received, suspicious image can be accurately located and then be recovered by VQ index reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve successful content recovery for larger tampering rate and obtain better visual quality of recovered results than the reported schemes.
Starting Page	2267
Ending Page	2287
Page Count	21
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13807501
Journal	Multimedia Tools and Applications
Volume Number	76
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15737721
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-01-11
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fragile watermarking Vector quantization Self-embedding Tampering localization Content recovery Multimedia Information Systems Computer Communication Networks Data Structures, Cryptology and Information Theory Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Software Media Technology

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