NDLI: Soil frost control: agricultural adaptation to climate variability in a cold region of Japan

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hirota, Tomoyoshi Usuki, Kazuei Hayashi, Masaki Nemoto, Manabu Iwata, Yukiyoshi Yanai, Yosuke Yazaki, Tomotsugu Iue, Satoshi
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	In the northernmost region of Japan (Hokkaido Island), earlier onsets of thick snowcover in recent years (post 1980) have reduced the penetration depth of soil frost, resulting in over-winter survival of unharvested small potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers that emerge as weeds in the spring in rotation crop fields. To prevent the occurrence of potato weeds, a method was developed to manipulate soil-frost depths by artificially controlling snowcover thickness, guided by a simple numerical model that simulates soil freezing-thawing processes using daily mean air temperature and snowcover thinckness as input variables. The method involves removal of snowcover to expose the soil surface in the beginning of winter until the soil freezes to a sufficient depth. After that time, snow is deposited back or allowed to accumulate naturally to prevent further penetration of frost, which may cause undesirable delay in the seeding of spring crops. Field trials indicated that the model predicted frost depths within several centimeters of observed values, when measured temperature and snowcover thickness were used as model input. Based on the field and laboratory data, a soil temperature of −3°C is necessary for complete elimination of potato tubers. To achieve this temperature in potato-burial zones without causing excessive freezing, an optimal frost depth is 0.3 to 0.4 m. The method is being adopted by progressive potato producers in the region, who use tractor-mounted snow ploughs to manipulate snowcover over a large scale. This is an emerging new technology for agricultural adaptation to climate variability.
Starting Page	791
Ending Page	802
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13812386
Journal	Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15731596
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-05-02
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Agriculture Environmental control Environmental optimization Frozen soil Snow management Weed removal Potatoes
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Global and Planetary Change

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