NDLI: Human and Animal Subjects of Research: The Moral Significance of Respect versus Welfare

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Walker, Rebecca L.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Human beings with diminished decision-making capacities are usually thought to require greater protections from the potential harms of research than fully autonomous persons. Animal subjects of research receive lesser protections than any human beings regardless of decision-making capacity. Paradoxically, however, it is precisely animals’ lack of some characteristic human capacities that is commonly invoked to justify using them for human purposes. In other words, for humans lesser capacities correspond to greater protections but for animals the opposite is true. Without explicit justification, it is not clear why or whether this should be the case. Ethics regulations guiding human subject research include principles such as respect for persons—and related duties—that are required as a matter of justice while regulations guiding animal subject research attend only to highly circumscribed considerations of welfare. Further, the regulations guiding research on animals discount any consideration of animal welfare relative to comparable human welfare. This paper explores two of the most promising justifications for these differences␣between the two sets of regulations. The first potential justification points to lesser moral status for animals on the basis of their lesser capacities. The second potential justification relies on a claim about the permissibility of moral partiality as␣found in common morality. While neither potential justification is sufficient to justify the regulatory difference as it stands, there is possible common ground between supporters of some regulatory difference and those rejecting the current difference.
Starting Page	305
Ending Page	331
Page Count	27
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13867415
Journal	Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15731200
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-08-26
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	human subjects animals animal subjects ethics guidelines moral status autonomy research protections respect for persons welfare justice capacities General Surgery History of Medicine Philosophy Ethics Philosophy of Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Issues, Ethics and Legal Aspects Medicine

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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