NDLI: Fine-scale effects of habitat loss and fragmentation despite large-scale gene flow for some regionally declining woodland bird species

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Harrisson, Katherine A. Pavlova, Alexandra Amos, J. Nevil Takeuchi, Naoko Lill, Alan Radford, James Q. Sunnucks, Paul
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Habitat loss and associated fragmentation effects are well-recognised threats to biodiversity. Loss of functional connectivity (mobility, gene flow and demographic continuity) could result in population decline in altered habitat, because smaller, isolated populations are more vulnerable to extinction. We tested whether substantial habitat reduction plus fragmentation is associated with reduced gene flow in three ‘decliner’ woodland-dependent bird species (eastern yellow robin, weebill and spotted pardalote) identified in earlier work to have declined disproportionately in heavily fragmented landscapes in the Box-Ironbark forest region in north-central Victoria, Australia. For these three decliners, and one ‘tolerant’ species (striated pardalote), we compared patterns of genetic diversity, relatedness, effective population size, sex-ratios and genic (allele frequency) differentiation among landscapes of different total tree cover, identified population subdivision at the regional scale, and explored fine-scale genotypic (individual-based genetic signature) structure. Unexpectedly high genetic connectivity across the study region was detected for ‘decliner’ and ‘tolerant’ species. Power analysis simulations suggest that moderate reductions in gene flow should have been detectable. However, there was evidence of local negative effects of reduced habitat extent and structural connectivity: slightly lower effective population sizes, lower genetic diversity, higher within-site relatedness and altered sex-ratios (for weebill and eastern yellow robin) in 10 × 10 km ‘landscapes’ with low vegetation cover. We conclude that reduced structural connectivity in the Box-Ironbark ecosystem may still allow sufficient gene flow to avoid the harmful effects of inbreeding in our study species. Although there may still be negative consequences of fragmentation for demographic connectivity, the high genetic connectivity of mobile bird species in this system suggests that reconnecting isolated habitat patches may be less important than increasing habitat extent and/or quality if these need to be traded off.
Starting Page	813
Ending Page	827
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09212973
Journal	Landscape Ecology
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15729761
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-04-25
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Dispersal Demographic connectivity Landscape connectivity Genetic structure Landscape Ecology Plant Sciences Forestry Management Plant Ecology Ecology Forestry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geography, Planning and Development Ecology Nature and Landscape Conservation

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