NDLI: An emendation of elastic rebound theory: Main rupture and adjacent belt of right-lateral distortion detected by Viaduct at Kaynaşli, Turkey 12 November 1999 Düzce Earthquake

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Johnson, Arvid M. Johnson, Kaj M. Durdella, Joe Sözen, Mete Gür, Türel
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	The fault trace of the 12 November 1999 earthquake in theDüzce-Bolu region in Anatolia crossed the alignment of a 2.4 kmviaduct in Kaynaşli that had been carefully surveyed. The builders of theviaduct, the ASTALDI-BAYINDIR Co., resurveyed the viaduct after theearthquake. We repeated the survey for approximately one kilometre of theeastern end of the viaduct and obtained essentially identical results. Thoughit was unfortunate that the earthquake damaged the new structure, the piersdid produce a very rare record of ground deformation of an earthquake.In effect, the viaduct was a giant strain gage that yielded reliable data aboutground movement and distortion near a fault. This paper describes thesurvey data and their evaluation leading to convincing evidence that (a) thefault trace must be considered, not as a fault line or plane, but as a faultzone with a finite width and that (b) the structural damage within the zonewas caused, not primarily by ground acceleration, but by ground distortion.Along the right-lateral fault at Kaynaşli, the fault zone consists ofright-lateral movement at the main trace, a zone of right-lateral distortionnear the trace, bounded by left-lateral distortion. The 12 November 1999event in Turkey, like the ground deformation and fracturing at Landers,California (Johnson et al., 1994, 1996), thus affirmed a forgottenconclusion from the studies by Lawson (1908), Gilbert and Reid (1910)of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake that earthquake ruptures typicallyoccur throughout zones or belts, rather than along linear traces or planes.
Starting Page	329
Ending Page	346
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13834649
Journal	Journal of Seismology
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1573157X
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2002-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Structural Geology Geophysics/Geodesy Hydrogeology Geotechnical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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