NDLI: Depth determination of small shallow earthquakes in eastern Canada from maximum power Rg/Sg spectral ratio

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ma, Shutian Motazedian, Dariush
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	For small earthquakes, focal depths can be estimated jointly when epicenters are located using the arrival times of Pg and Sg waves recorded at seismic stations close to the event. However, if regional network coverage is sparse, this approach does not give accurate results. An alternative solution is the use of the regional depth-phase modeling (RDPM) method when such depth phases are available. Small, shallow earthquakes can generate Rg waves, the amplitudes of which approximately attenuate exponentially with focal depth; whereas, the amplitudes of Sg waves are, on average, less dependent on focal depth. Based on these features, a method using the maximum power spectral ratio (MPSR) between the Rg and Sg segments was developed to determine focal depth. Tests show the focal depth solutions obtained by the MPSR and RDPM methods for five events in an earthquake swarm and one event acquired by inspection are in good agreement. The error in the MPSR-determined focal depth caused by the error in the epicentral distance is in the order of 0.1 km. The error in the focal depth when using a default focal mechanism is in the order of 0.5 km. The quality factor, Q does not generate a significant error. Using the average of focal depths can provide a more reliable solution. Using an azimuth of approximately 45° from the strike direction to generate the synthetic ratio curve can reduce the error. As with any other earthquake locating technique, a reasonable regional crustal model is required when the MPSR method is used. Case studies show that the MPSR method can be used to successfully determine focal depths for events as small as m $_{N}$ 1.6.
Starting Page	107
Ending Page	129
Page Count	23
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13834649
Journal	Journal of Seismology
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	1573157X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-10-05
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Depth determination Small shallow earthquakes Rg/Sg spectral ratio Structural Geology Geophysics/Geodesy Hydrogeology Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics

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