NDLI: Static and Dynamic Indicators of Minority Threat in Sentencing Outcomes: A Multi-Level Analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Caravelis, Cyndy Chiricos, Ted Bales, William
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Designation as a “Habitual Offender” is an enhanced form of punishment which unlike, “Three Strikes” or “10-20-Life,” is entirely discretionary. We use Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling to assess the direct effects of race and Latino ethnicity on the designation of Habitual Offenders as well as the effect of both static and dynamic indicators of racial and ethnic threat on those outcomes. Our data include 26,740 adults sentenced to prison in Florida between 2002 and 2004 who were statutorily eligible to be sentenced as Habitual. The odds of receiving this designation are significantly increased for black and Latino defendants as compared to whites, though race and ethnicity effects vary substantially by crime type, being strongest for drug offenses and negligible for violent crimes. Static measures of group level threat (% black and % Latino) have no cross-level effect on sentencing by race or Latino ethnicity. However, increasing black population over time increases the odds of being sentenced as Habitual for both black and Latino defendants. Increasing Latino population increases the odds of Habitual Offender sentencing for Latinos, but decreases it for blacks. The prospect of engaging dynamic as opposed to static measures of threat in future criminal justice and other social control research is discussed.
Starting Page	405
Ending Page	425
Page Count	21
File Format	PDF
ISSN	07484518
Journal	Journal of Quantitative Criminology
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15737799
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2011-02-11
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Dynamic threat Judicial outcomes Race and ethnicity Social contexts Hierarchical modeling Statistics Methodology of the Social Sciences Sociology Criminology & Criminal Justice
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Law Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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