NDLI: Late Holocene paleoenvironmental change in a Great Lakes coastal wetland: integrating pollen and diatom datasets

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Finkelstein, Sarah A. Peros, Matthew C. Davis, Anthony M.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Multiple proxy indicators are regularly used to present robust arguments for paleoenvironmental change. We use fossil pollen and diatoms from a 495-cm core taken from Cootes Paradise, a coastal wetland in the western end of Lake Ontario, to investigate ecological changes in the late Holocene. We use consensus analysis to demonstrate that pollen diagrams are best zoned after the data have been split into source area, in this case upland and wetland taxa, because each group responds differently to environmental change. We also use consensus analysis to demonstrate the sensitivity of clustering to the distance measure used. The record begins at 2400 $^{14}$C years BP, when the wetland was dominated by shallow water emergents and epiphytic diatoms. At 2100 $^{14}$C years BP, a decline in the epiphytic diatoms Epithemia spp., a rise in Poaceae (cf. Zizania aquatica) pollen and a coincident increase in pollen concentration suggest a water level rise at this time. At about 800 $^{14}$C years BP, the diatom record shows a pulse in small benthic Fragilaria species; shortly after, a shift occurs in the upland tree pollen spectra involving an increase in Pinus and a decline in Fagus. This shift in upland forest trees has been associated elsewhere with the Little Ice Age and the diatom data present some evidence for impacts of this climatic event on aquatic systems. The diatom and pollen records both indicate large changes associated with the effects of European settlement, including rises in Ambrosia as well as Typha angustifolia pollen. Planktonic diatoms dominate post-settlement assemblages indicating large-scale hydrological and ecological changes, probably associated with the introduction of carp and alterations to the Iroquois bar which separates the wetland from Lake Ontario. Our work at Cootes Paradise is important for multi-proxy coastal wetland studies in general, in addition to the late Holocene environmental history and prehistory of the Great Lakes region.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	12
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09212728
Journal	Journal of Paleolimnology
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15730417
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Consensus trees Constrained cluster analysis Diatoms Freshwater coastal wetlands Little Ice Age Pollen Sedimentology Physical Geography Hydrobiology Climate Change
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth-Surface Processes Aquatic Science

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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