NDLI: A 2000 year record of climate variations reconstructed from Haukadalsvatn, West Iceland

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Geirsdóttir, Áslaug Miller, Gifford H. Thordarson, Thorvaldur Ólafsdóttir, Kristín B.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	The sediment fill of Haukadalsvatn, a lake in northwest Iceland, preserves a record of environmental change since deglaciation, 13 ka ago. The rapid sedimentation rate over the past 2 ka (ca. 4 m ka$^{−1}$) provides a high-resolution archive of late Holocene environmental change. Physical and chemical environmental proxies extracted from cores from the Haukadalsvatn sediment fill provide a reconstruction of sub-decadal-scale climate variability in Iceland over the past 2 ka. Over this interval biogenic silica (BSi) reflects warm April–May temperatures, whereas total organic carbon (TOC) peaks represent an increased flux of carbon to the lake from eolian-derived soil erosion following periods of cold summers accompanied by dry, windy winters. The proxy-based temperature reconstructions show a broad interval of warmth through Medieval times, but this warmth is punctuated by multi-decadal cold intervals. The transition into the Little Ice Age occurred in two steps, with initial summer cooling 1250–1300 AD, and a more severe drop in summer temperatures between 1450 and 1500 AD; both are periods of severe explosive volcanism. Multi-decadal patterns of cold and warm conditions have some characteristics of a North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-like signal, but instrumental records and proxy-based reconstructions of the NAO index contain little power in the frequencies most strongly expressed in our data set. Although severe soil erosion in Iceland is frequently equated with settlement, our reconstructions indicate that soil erosion began several centuries before settlement, whereas for several centuries after settlement, when summer temperatures were relatively high, there was little or no soil erosion. Only during the transition into and during the Little Ice Age did soil erosion become a major feature of the record.
Starting Page	95
Ending Page	115
Page Count	21
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09212728
Journal	Journal of Paleolimnology
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15730417
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2008-10-14
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Iceland Holocene paleoclimate Medieval Warm Period Settlement Little Ice Age Lake sediment Soil erosion Geology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Physical Geography Climate Change Sedimentology Paleontology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth-Surface Processes Aquatic Science

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