NDLI: Fossil chironomid δ$^{13}$C as a proxy for past methanogenic contribution to benthic food webs in lakes?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hardenbroek, Maarten Heiri, Oliver Grey, Jonathan Bodelier, Paul L. E. Verbruggen, Frederike Lotter, André F.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	We used a series of experiments to determine whether stable carbon isotope analysis of modern and fossil larval head capsules of chironomids allowed identification of their dietary carbon source. Our main focus was to assess whether carbon from naturally $^{13}$C-depleted methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) can be traced in chironomid cuticles using stable carbon isotope analysis. We first showed that a minimum sample weight of ~20 μg was required for our equipment to determine head capsule δ$^{13}$C with a standard deviation of 0.5‰. Such a small minimum sample weight allows taxon-specific δ$^{13}$C analyses at a precision sufficient to differentiate whether head capsules consist mainly of carbon derived from MOB or from other food sources commonly encountered in lake ecosystems. We then tested the effect of different chemical pre-treatments that are commonly used for sediment processing on δ$^{13}$C measurements on head capsules. Processing with 10% KOH (2 h), 10% HCl (2 h), or 40% HF (18 h) showed no detectable effect on δ$^{13}$C, whereas a combination of boiling, accelerated solvent extraction and heavy chemical oxidation resulted in a small (0.2‰) but statistically significant decrease in δ$^{13}$C values. Using culturing experiments with MOB grown on $^{13}$C-labelled methane, we demonstrated that methanogenic carbon is transferred not only into the larval tissue, but also into chironomid head capsules. Taxon-specific δ$^{13}$C of fossil chironomid head capsules from different lake sediments was analyzed. δ$^{13}$C of head capsules generally ranged from −28 to −25.8‰, but in some instances we observed δ$^{13}$C values as low as −36.9 to −31.5‰, suggesting that carbon from MOB is traceable in fossil and subfossil chironomid remains. We demonstrate that stable carbon isotope analyses of fossil chironomid head capsules can give insights into dietary links and carbon cycling in benthic food webs in the past and that the method has the potential to reconstruct the importance of MOB in the palaeo-diet of chironomid larvae and, indirectly, to infer past changes in methane flux at the sediment water interface in lakes.
Starting Page	235
Ending Page	245
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09212728
Journal	Journal of Paleolimnology
Volume Number	43
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15730417
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2009-03-25
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Chironomids Methane-oxidizing bacteria Stable carbon isotopes Palaeolimnology Lake sediments Carbon cycle Diet Geology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Physical Geography Climate Change Sedimentology Paleontology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth-Surface Processes Aquatic Science

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Fossil chironomid δ13C as a proxy for past methanogenic contribution to benthic food webs in lakes?

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