NDLI: The Effect of Gd Concentration on the Physical and Magnetic Properties of Bi$_{1.7}$Pb$_{0.3-x}$Gd$_{x}$Sr$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_{4}$O$

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ekicibil, Ahmet Coşkun, Atilla Özçelik, Bekir Kiymaç, Kerim
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Bi–Pb–Gd–Sr–Ca–Cu–O bulk samples with nominal composition Bi$_{1.7}$Pb $_{0.3-x}$Gd$_{x}$Sr$_{2}$Ca$_{3}$Cu$_{4}$O$_{12+y}$ (x=0.01, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) were prepared by the melt-quenching method. The effects of different Gd doping on the structure have been investigated by electrical resistance, scanning electron micrographs, XRD, magnetization and magnetic hysteresis loop measurements. The magnetization measurements have been carried out as a function of magnetic field for fields up to 5 kOe at temperatures well below the zero resistance temperatures of the annealed samples. It has been found that the high-T$_{c}$ superconducting phase, (2 2 2 3), is formed in the sample A with concentration x = 0.01, annealed at 840°C for 120 h. However, with increasing Gd$^{3+}$ doping for Pb$^{2+}$ the (2 2 2 3) phase gradually transforms into the (2 2 1 2) phase. The magnitudes of magnetization and initial susceptibility, \| M \| and \| dM/dH\|, and the hysteresis loop areas decrease with increasing Gd concentration x and/or temperature T. The fast decreases in \| M\|, \| dM/dH \|, and the hysteresis loop areas related to the superconducting volume, with increasing x and/or T seem to imply an existence of flux pinning centres in our samples. In order to support this implication the critical current densities J$_{c}$, of the samples, have been estimated at two fixed temperatures, 9 and 30 K. Our data have indicated that J$_{c}$ decreases with increasing temperature and/or Gd concentration, as expected.
Starting Page	105
Ending Page	117
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00222291
Journal	Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Volume Number	140
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	15737357
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	superconductors the melt-quenching method high-T$_{c}$ superconducting phase BSCCO system. Characterization and Evaluation Materials Condensed Matter Magnetism, Magnetic Materials
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Condensed Matter Physics Materials Science

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