NDLI: Trade-Offs in Defensive Metabolite Production But Not Ecological Function in Healthy and Diseased Sponges

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gochfeld, Deborah J. Kamel, Haidy N. Olson, Julie B. Thacker, Robert W.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Diseases of marine organisms, and sponges in particular, are increasingly reported worldwide. Prior research indicates that the survival of sponges on reefs is due largely to their production of biologically active secondary metabolites that provide protection from a diversity of stressors. Aplysina Red Band Syndrome (ARBS) is an emerging disease affecting Caribbean rope sponges (Aplysina spp.), but it is not known whether secondary metabolites play a role in disease susceptibility and resistance. To investigate whether differences in secondary metabolites may explain variability in susceptibility to ARBS in Aplysina cauliformis, we used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to generate chemical profiles from healthy tissue in both healthy and diseased sponges, and quantified peak areas for 15 metabolites. Analyses of healthy and diseased sponges revealed qualitative and quantitative differences in their chemical profiles. Aplysamine-1 and fistularin-3 were produced in significantly higher concentrations by healthy sponges, whereas aerothionin and 11-oxoaerothionin were found only in diseased sponges. At natural concentrations, extracts from both healthy and diseased sponges deterred feeding by an omnivorous reef fish. Fistularin-3 deterred feeding at concentrations found in healthy sponges, but not at concentrations found in diseased sponges. Aerothionin deterred feeding at concentrations found in diseased sponges, and may at least partially replace the loss of fistularin-3 as a feeding deterrent compound following pathogenesis, suggesting a trade-off in the production of feeding deterrent compounds. Extracts from healthy and diseased sponges inhibited bacterial growth, and both aplysamine-1 and fistularin-3 displayed selective antibacterial activity. Despite differences in secondary metabolite production between healthy and diseased sponges, the stress associated with ARBS does not appear to compromise the ability of A. cauliformis to maintain defenses against some of its natural enemies.
Starting Page	451
Ending Page	462
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00980331
Journal	Journal of Chemical Ecology
Volume Number	38
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15731561
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-04-04
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Sponge disease Chemical defense Antimicrobial Inducible defense Aplysina cauliformis Biological Microscopy Ecology Agriculture Entomology Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Secondary Metabolome Variability and Inducible Chemical Defenses in the Mediterranean Sponge Aplysina cavernicola

Activated Chemical Defense in Aplysina Sponges Revisited

Maternal and Environmental Effects on Symbiont-Mediated Antimicrobial Defense

New Synthesis—Trade-offs in Chemical Ecology

Spatial Variability in Secondary Metabolites of the Indo-Pacific Sponge Stylissa massa

Adults and Nymphs Do Not Smell the Same: The Different Defensive Compounds of the Giant Mesquite Bug (Thasus neocalifornicus: Coreidae)

Wound Activation of Protoxins in Marine Sponge Aplysina aerophoba

Chemical Ecology Mediated by Fungal Endophytes in Grasses

Erratum to: Wolbachia-Free Heteropterans Do Not Produce Defensive Chemicals or Alarm Pheromones

Trade-Offs in Defensive Metabolite Production But Not Ecological Function in Healthy and Diseased Sponges

Similar Documents

Secondary Metabolome Variability and Inducible Chemical Defenses in the Mediterranean Sponge Aplysina cavernicola

Activated Chemical Defense in Aplysina Sponges Revisited

Maternal and Environmental Effects on Symbiont-Mediated Antimicrobial Defense

New Synthesis—Trade-offs in Chemical Ecology

Spatial Variability in Secondary Metabolites of the Indo-Pacific Sponge Stylissa massa

Adults and Nymphs Do Not Smell the Same: The Different Defensive Compounds of the Giant Mesquite Bug (Thasus neocalifornicus: Coreidae)

Wound Activation of Protoxins in Marine Sponge Aplysina aerophoba

Chemical Ecology Mediated by Fungal Endophytes in Grasses

Erratum to: Wolbachia-Free Heteropterans Do Not Produce Defensive Chemicals or Alarm Pheromones

Trade-Offs in Defensive Metabolite Production But Not Ecological Function in Healthy and Diseased Sponges