NDLI: Temporal variations of surface oceanic and atmospheric CO$_{2}$ fugacity and total dissolved inorganic carbon in the northwestern North Pacific

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Temporal variations of surface oceanic and atmospheric CO$_{2}$ fugacity and total dissolved inorganic carbon in the northwestern North Pacific

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Watai, Tomori Kikuchi, Masaaki Nakazawa, Takakiyo
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	In order to examine temporal variations of the surface oceanic and atmospheric fCO$_{2}$ and the DIC concentration, we analyzed air and seawater samples collected during the period May 1992–June 1996 in the northwestern North Pacific, about 30 km off the coast of the main island of Japan. The atmospheric CO$_{2}$ concentration has increased secularly at a rate of 1.9 ppmv yr$^{−1}$, and it showed a clear seasonal cycle with a maximum in spring and a minimum late in summer, produced mainly by seasonally-dependent terrestrial biospheric activities. DIC also showed a prominent seasonal cycle in the surface ocean; the minimum and maximum values of the cycle appeared in early fall and in early spring, respectively, due primarily to the seasonally-dependent activities of marine biota and partly to the vertical mixing of seawater and the coastal upwelling. The oceanic fCO$_{2}$ values were almost always lower than those of the atmospheric fCO$_{2}$, suggesting that this area of the ocean acts as a sink for atmospheric CO$_{2}$. Values varied seasonally, mainly reflecting seasonal changes of SST and DIC, with a secular increase at a rate of 3.7 μatm yr$^{−1}$. The average values of the annual net CO$_{2}$ flux between the ocean and the atmosphere calculated by using the different bulk equations ranged between −0.8 and −1.7 mol m$^{−2}$yr$^{−1}$, and its magnitude was enhanced and reduced late in spring and mid-summer, respectively, due mainly to the seasonally varying oceanic fCO$_{2}$.
Starting Page	323
Ending Page	336
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09168370
Journal	Journal of Oceanography
Volume Number	54
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1573868X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Carbon dioxide fugacity stable carbon isotope dissolved inorganic carbon surface ocean atmosphere western North Pacific Oceanography Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Oceanography

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