NDLI: Akt mediated mitochondrial protection in the heart: metabolic and survival pathways to the rescue

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Miyamoto, Shigeki Murphy, Anne N. Brown, Joan Heller
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Cardiomyocyte death is now recognized as a critical factor in the development of heart disease. Mitochondria are not only responsible for energy production to ensure that cardiac output meets the body’s energy demands, but they serve as critical integrators of cell survival signals. Numerous stressors are known to induce cell death by necrosis and/or apoptosis mediated through mitochondrial dysregulation. Anti- and pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins regulate apoptosis by controlling mitochondrial outer membrane permeability, whereas opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PT-pore) induces large amplitude permeability of the inner membrane and consequent rupture of the outer membrane. Akt is one of the best described survival kinases activated by receptor ligands and its activation preserves mitochondrial integrity and protects cardiomyocytes against necrotic and apoptotic death. The mechanisms responsible for Akt-mediated mitochondrial protection have not been fully elucidated. There is, however, accumulating evidence that multiple Akt target molecules, recruited through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, directly impinge upon and protect mitochondria. In this review we discuss mechanisms by which Akt activation can effect changes at the mitochondria that protect cardiomyocytes and attenuate pathophysiological responses of the heart.
Starting Page	169
Ending Page	180
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0145479X
Journal	Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes
Volume Number	41
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15736881
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2009-04-18
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Akt Mitochondria Heart Hexokinase-II Organic Chemistry Animal Biochemistry Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology Biochemistry Bioorganic Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Physiology

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