NDLI: An atomic force microscopy study of the effect of tensile loading and elevated temperature on polyvinylidene fluoride from flexible oil pipelines

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Smith, J. R Nevell, R. T Mason, S. E Watson, K. L
Copyright Year	1997
Abstract	Flexible pipelines and risers have been used for more than 20 years for the transport of oil and gas in the petroleum industry. In the current study, a phase II polyvinylidene fluoride based pipeline material was subjected to varying degrees of tensile deformation, and microtomed sections were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in order to investigate the resulting topographic changes. The effects of annealing at 100 and 130°C on the maximum load and on topography were also studied. Annealing at 130°C for varying lengths of time gave an increase in the maximum load which was found to be dependent upon crystallization kinetics. AFM studies showed ridges running perpendicular to the loading axis, which are attributed to flow lines resulting from the extrusion process. In annealed samples these ridges were closer together than in unannealed samples. The ridges were absent in quenched samples, but they gradually reappeared after storage at room temperature. These observations were further verified by transmission electron microscopy studies.
Starting Page	6227
Ending Page	6234
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00222461
Journal	Journal of Materials Science
Volume Number	32
Issue Number	23
e-ISSN	15734803
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	1997-01-01
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Polymer Sciences Materials Science Characterization and Evaluation Materials Mechanics Crystallography Continuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ceramics and Composites Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering Polymers and Plastics

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