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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Kembel, Silvia Rodriguez Haas, Herbert |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | Chavín de Huántar's monumental architecture has long influenced archaeologists' ideas about Formative Andean sociopolitical development despite little direct knowledge of the buildings' chronology. Addressing this problem, we collected charcoal samples from architectural mortar at Chavín to directly date the site's construction sequence. Here we present 32 new accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) dates for Chavín's architectural growth. We also present an evaluation framework for analyzing whether dates from architectural mortar most likely represent built-in age, original construction, or renovation work. We apply this framework to link dates to specific building events within the sequence. Results demonstrate the power of directly dating architectural mortar and the necessity of both thoroughly understanding a site's relative architectural sequence and applying a rigorous evaluation framework when analyzing the resulting dates. Specifically, analysis indicates that architectural growth largely occurred during 400 years, approximately 1200–800 calibrated years BC (calBC), with massive, intensive construction approximately 1000–800 calBC. Thirteen of Chavín's 15 known architectural phases were built during this 400-year period. The overwhelming majority of Chavín's characteristic elements developed as part of this growth, including the physical design of Chavín's ritual systems in its galleries and plazas, large-scale landscape modification and civil engineering works, Chavín art and symbolic systems, and the incorporation of Formative Andean architectural forms. Relative architectural stasis occurred approximately 800–500 calBC, corresponding with developments in Chavín's material culture and followed by physical collapse. Architectural renovations occurred throughout the sequence. In sum, Chavín's architectural chronology spanned approximately 1200–500 calBC—notably different than previously proposed ranges based on few dates—providing new architectural insights into Chavin's sociopolitical development. |
| Starting Page | 345 |
| Ending Page | 427 |
| Page Count | 83 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 10725369 |
| Journal | Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory |
| Volume Number | 22 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 15737764 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2013-09-12 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Radiocarbon dating Chronology Mortar Monumental architecture Andes Chavín de Huántar Archaeology Anthropology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Archeology Archeology (arts and humanities) |
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