NDLI: Overgrazing of Kelp Beds Along the Coast of Norway

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sivertsen, Knut
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The aim of this study was to better understand the down-grazing of kelp beds by sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) along the coast of Norway. Barren grounds were first observed in sheltered areas along the coast of the counties of Trø ndelag, Nordland and Troms in 1974. In the 1980s, the barren grounds spread to areas more heavily exposed to waves. In the 1990s, the kelp beds were re-established in some localities in southern Trø ndelag, initially in wave-exposed areas. In the northernmost parts of Norway, i.e. the counties of Troms and Finnmark, the barren ground areas may still be increasing. Crabs (Cancer pagurus) and common eiders are the most common predators on urchins. Predation on sea urchins in kelp beds is probably not among the factors that limit the sea urchin populations. Along the coast of Nordland and further north, sea urchins are infected by nematodes, resulting in a low, but significant increase in their mortality. No re-growth of kelp beds has been found in the most infected areas. In the late 1960s and the early 1970s, a high occurrence of echinoderm larvae was observed in deeper waters. This was a period with cold water, which may have caused high recruitment of sea urchins. The bet-hedging life strategy of sea urchins may account for the sudden increase in the size of the populations. In the present paper I propose the hypothesis that higher individual growth rates and higher mortality rates in the south than in the north may explain the decrease in the populations, which may in turn account for the re-growth of kelp in the southern areas.
Starting Page	599
Ending Page	610
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09218971
Journal	Journal of Applied Phycology
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	3-5
e-ISSN	15735176
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-07-08
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	barren grounds grazing kelp beds life history population dynamics sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis Ecology Hydrobiology Plant Sciences Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Aquatic Science

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